kivandanu

</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Mari <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> kita akan belajar mengenai perbandingan. Materi perbandingan 
ini diajarkan di kelas 5 dan 6 SD untuk mata pelajaran <b>Matematika</b>.
 Pelajaran mengenai perbandingan ini diantaranya belajar mengenai skala 
peta dan perbandingan jumlah. Untuk skala peta kadang adik-adik pasti 
kebingungan kan? OK marilah kita lanjutakan membahas mengenai skala pada
 peta. Untuk awal dari pelajaran kali ini saya akan berikan cara membaca
 skala. Misalkan pada peta terdapat skala 1 : 2.000.000, ini dibaca tiap
 1 cm pada peta mewakili 2.000.000 cm pada jarak sesungguhnya. 2.000.000
 cm itu sama dengan jarak 20 km. sehingga tiap 1 cm pada peta mewakili 
20 km jarak sesungguhnya. Begitu juga dengan skala 1 : 100.000 artinya 
tiap 1 cm pada peta mewakili 100.000 cm pada jarak sesungguhnya. 100.000
 cm sama dengan 1 km. Sampai di sini sudah paham ya? kalau belum jangan 
dilanjutkan pahami dulu pengertian skala di atas.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></div>
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="more"></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Skala dirumuskan sebagai :</span><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span>
 </div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="height: 33px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left; width: 254px;"><colgroup><col style="mso-width-alt: 1426; mso-width-source: userset; width: 29pt;" width="39"></col>
 <col style="mso-width-alt: 841; mso-width-source: userset; width: 17pt;" width="23"></col>
 <col style="mso-width-alt: 4827; mso-width-source: userset; width: 99pt;" width="132"></col>
 </colgroup><tbody>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td class="xl67" height="60" rowspan="3" style="height: 45pt; text-align: center; width: 29pt;" width="39">Skala</td>
  <td class="xl67" rowspan="3" style="width: 17pt;" width="23">=</td>
  <td class="xl65" style="width: 99pt;" width="132">Jarak Pada Peta</td>
 </tr>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td class="xl65" height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">--------------------------</td>
 </tr>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td class="xl66" height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">Jarak Sesungguhnya</td>
 </tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<br />
<br />
<center>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></center>
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Atau biasanya saya menyebutkan sebagai :</span><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="height: 60px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left; width: 109px;"><colgroup><col style="mso-width-alt: 1718; mso-width-source: userset; width: 35pt;" width="47"></col>
 <col style="mso-width-alt: 841; mso-width-source: userset; width: 17pt;" width="23"></col>
 <col style="mso-width-alt: 4827; mso-width-source: userset; width: 99pt;" width="132"></col>
 </colgroup><tbody>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td height="20" style="height: 15.0pt; width: 35pt;" width="47"><br /></td>
  <td style="width: 17pt;" width="23"><br /></td>
  <td class="xl65" style="text-align: center; width: 99pt;" width="132">JP</td>
 </tr>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">Skala</td>
  <td> =</td>
  <td class="xl66" style="text-align: center;">----</td>
 </tr>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;"><br /></td>
  <td><br /></td>
  <td class="xl65" style="text-align: center;">JS</td>
 </tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />

<center>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></center>
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Dimana JP adalah Jarak pada peta dan JS adalah jarak sesungguhnya.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Saya berikan 3 contoh soal yang akan mencari Skala, JP dan JS supaya adik-adik semakin mengerti.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Contoh soal:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">1. Sebuah peta 
memiliki skala 1 : 2.000.000, jarak kota A dan kota B pada peta 8 cm. 
Berapakah jarak kota A dan kota B sesungguhnya?</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Dari contoh 
soal di atas kita memiliki variabel skala yakni 1 : 2.000.000 dan jarak 
kota A dan B pada peta yakni 8 cm. Untuk menemukan jarak sesungguhnya 
kita menggunakan persamaan di atas yakni :</span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left; width: 202px;"><colgroup><col style="mso-width-alt: 1718; mso-width-source: userset; width: 35pt;" width="47"></col>
 <col style="mso-width-alt: 841; mso-width-source: userset; width: 17pt;" width="23"></col>
 <col style="mso-width-alt: 4827; mso-width-source: userset; width: 99pt;" width="132"></col>
 </colgroup><tbody>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td height="20" style="height: 15.0pt; width: 35pt;" width="47"><br /></td>
  <td style="width: 17pt;" width="23"><br /></td>
  <td class="xl65" style="width: 99pt;" width="132">JP</td>
 </tr>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">Skala</td>
  <td>=</td>
  <td class="xl66">--------</td>
 </tr>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;"><br /></td>
  <td><br /></td>
  <td class="xl65">JS</td>
 </tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<br />
<center style="text-align: justify;">
</center>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Untuk 
mengerjakan contoh soal seperti ini, maka kuncinya jarak sesungguhnya 
dirubah dalam bentuk cm, supaya sama satuannya dengan jarak di peta. 
Maka 120 km = 12.000.000 cm</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left; width: 127px;"><colgroup><col style="mso-width-alt: 1170; mso-width-source: userset; width: 24pt;" width="32"></col>
 <col style="mso-width-alt: 3474; mso-width-source: userset; width: 71pt;" width="95"></col>
 </colgroup><tbody>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td height="20" style="height: 15pt; text-align: center; width: 24pt;" width="32"><br /></td>
  <td class="xl65" style="text-align: center; width: 71pt;" width="95">4</td>
 </tr>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td class="xl65" height="20" style="height: 15pt; text-align: center;">=</td>
  <td class="xl65" style="text-align: center;">--------------</td>
 </tr>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td height="20" style="height: 15pt; text-align: center;"><br /></td>
  <td class="xl66" style="text-align: center;">12.000.000</td>
 </tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<br />
<center>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></center>
<center>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></center>
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Untuk mencari skala maka pembilang dan penyebut masing-masing dibagi dengan 4, maka:</span><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
 <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left; width: 199px;"><colgroup><col style="mso-width-alt: 1170; mso-width-source: userset; width: 24pt;" width="32"></col>
 <col style="mso-width-alt: 3474; mso-width-source: userset; width: 71pt;" width="95"></col>
 <col style="mso-width-alt: 1024; mso-width-source: userset; width: 21pt;" width="28"></col>
 <col style="mso-width-alt: 1609; mso-width-source: userset; width: 33pt;" width="44"></col>
 </colgroup><tbody>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td height="20" style="height: 15pt; text-align: center; width: 24pt;" width="32"><br /></td>
  <td class="xl65" style="text-align: center; width: 71pt;" width="95">4</td>
  <td style="text-align: center; width: 21pt;" width="28"><br /></td>
  <td class="xl65" style="text-align: center; width: 33pt;" width="44">4</td>
 </tr>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td height="20" style="height: 15pt; text-align: center;">=</td>
  <td class="xl65" style="text-align: center;">-----------------</td>
  <td class="xl65" style="text-align: center;">:</td>
  <td class="xl65" style="text-align: center;">----</td>
 </tr>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td height="20" style="height: 15pt; text-align: center;"><br /></td>
  <td class="xl66" style="text-align: center;">12.000.000</td>
  <td style="text-align: center;"><br /></td>
  <td class="xl66" style="text-align: center;">4</td>
 </tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<center>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></center>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
 <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left; width: 127px;"><colgroup><col style="mso-width-alt: 1170; mso-width-source: userset; width: 24pt;" width="32"></col>
 <col style="mso-width-alt: 3474; mso-width-source: userset; width: 71pt;" width="95"></col>
 </colgroup><tbody>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td class="xl65" height="20" style="height: 15pt; text-align: center; width: 24pt;" width="32"><br /></td>
  <td class="xl65" style="text-align: center; width: 71pt;" width="95">1</td>
 </tr>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td class="xl65" height="20" style="height: 15pt; text-align: center;">=</td>
  <td class="xl65" style="text-align: center;">-------------</td>
 </tr>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td class="xl65" height="20" style="height: 15pt; text-align: center;"><br /></td>
  <td class="xl66" style="text-align: center;">3.000.000</td>
 </tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<center>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></center>
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Maka skala peta tersebut 1 : 3.000.000.</span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">3. Sebuah peta 
memiliki skala peta 1 : 200.000. Jarak kota A dan Kota B sesungguhnya 
100 km, berapakah jarak kedua kota tersebut pada peta?</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">

<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left; width: 202px;"><colgroup><col style="mso-width-alt: 1718; mso-width-source: userset; width: 35pt;" width="47"></col>
 <col style="mso-width-alt: 841; mso-width-source: userset; width: 17pt;" width="23"></col>
 <col style="mso-width-alt: 4827; mso-width-source: userset; width: 99pt;" width="132"></col>
 </colgroup><tbody>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td height="20" style="height: 15.0pt; width: 35pt;" width="47"><br /></td>
  <td style="width: 17pt;" width="23"><br /></td>
  <td class="xl65" style="width: 99pt;" width="132">JP</td>
 </tr>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">Skala</td>
  <td>=</td>
  <td class="xl66">--------</td>
 </tr>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;"><br /></td>
  <td><br /></td>
  <td class="xl65">JS</td>
 </tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<center>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Jarak sesungguhnya perlu kita rubah menjadi cm, sehingga 100 km = 10.000.000 maka persamaan tersebut kita tuliskan menjadi,</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
 <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left; width: 201px;"><colgroup><col style="mso-width-alt: 2706; mso-width-source: userset; width: 56pt;" width="74"></col>
 <col style="mso-width-alt: 1170; mso-width-source: userset; width: 24pt;" width="32"></col>
 <col style="mso-width-alt: 3474; mso-width-source: userset; width: 71pt;" width="95"></col>
 </colgroup><tbody>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td class="xl65" height="20" style="height: 15pt; text-align: center; width: 56pt;" width="74">1</td>
  <td style="text-align: center; width: 24pt;" width="32"><br /></td>
  <td class="xl65" style="text-align: center; width: 71pt;" width="95">JP</td>
 </tr>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td class="xl65" height="20" style="height: 15pt; text-align: center;">------------</td>
  <td class="xl65" style="text-align: center;">=</td>
  <td class="xl65" style="text-align: center;">------------</td>
 </tr>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td class="xl66" height="20" style="height: 15pt; text-align: center;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">      </span>200.000 </td>
  <td style="text-align: center;"><br /></td>
  <td class="xl67" style="text-align: center;">10.000.000</td>
 </tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<center>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></center>
<center style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">maka dengan perkalian silang maka</span></center>
<center style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></center>
<center style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">JP x 200.000 = 10.000.000</span></center>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div>
</div>
</center>
<div style="text-align: center;">
 <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left; width: 273px;"><colgroup><col style="mso-width-alt: 2706; mso-width-source: userset; width: 56pt;" width="74"></col>
 <col style="mso-width-alt: 1170; mso-width-source: userset; width: 24pt;" width="32"></col>
 <col style="mso-width-alt: 3474; mso-width-source: userset; width: 71pt;" width="95"></col>
 <col style="mso-width-alt: 1024; mso-width-source: userset; width: 21pt;" width="28"></col>
 <col style="mso-width-alt: 1609; mso-width-source: userset; width: 33pt;" width="44"></col>
 </colgroup><tbody>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td height="20" style="height: 15pt; text-align: center; width: 56pt;" width="74"><br /></td>
  <td class="xl65" style="text-align: center; width: 24pt;" width="32"><br /></td>
  <td class="xl66" style="text-align: center; width: 71pt;" width="95">10.000.000</td>
  <td style="text-align: center; width: 21pt;" width="28"><br /></td>
  <td class="xl65" style="text-align: center; width: 33pt;" width="44"><br /></td>
 </tr>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td class="xl67" height="20" style="height: 15pt; text-align: center;">JP</td>
  <td class="xl65" style="text-align: center;">=</td>
  <td class="xl65" style="text-align: center;">-----------------</td>
  <td class="xl65" style="text-align: center;">=</td>
  <td class="xl65" style="text-align: center;">50 cm</td>
 </tr>
<tr height="20" style="height: 15.0pt;">
  <td height="20" style="height: 15pt; text-align: center;"><br /></td>
  <td class="xl65" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td>
  <td class="xl66" style="text-align: center;">200.000</td>
  <td style="text-align: center;"><br /></td>
  <td class="xl66" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td>
 </tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<br />
<center>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.codecogs.com/eqnedit.php?latex=JP%20=%20%5Cfrac%7B10.000.000%7D%7B200.000%7D%20=%2050%20cm" target="_blank"><br /></a></span></center>
<center style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Maka jarak kedua kota tersebut di peta 50 cm.</span></center>
<center style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></center>
<center style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Alhamdulillah 
selesai juga pembelajaran kali ini, semoga bermanfaat. Selamat belajar 
semoga berhasil, kalau ada yang kurang dimengerti silahkan bertanya di 
kolom komentar.</span></center>
</div>